Прикладная механика

Velocity of ultrasound in solid state material



Principle

The velocity of sound in acrylics shall be determined by time of flight reflection technique with an ultrasonic echoscope. The measurements are done by reflection method, on three cylinders of different length. Two measurement series are carried out with ultrasonic probes ...

Ultrasonic echography (A-Scan)



Principle

An ultrasonic wave transmitted in a sample will be reflected at discontinuities (defects, cracks). From the relationship between the time of flight of the reflected wave and the sound velocity, the distance between ultrasonic transducer and defects (reflector) can be ...

Ultrasonic echography (B-Scan)

Principle

The fundamental principles concerning the generation of ultrasonic B-scan images (brightness representation of the reflection amplitudes) are demonstrated with the aid of a simple test ob-ject. The experiment is executed with an ultrasonic echoscope in the pulse-echo-mode and the ...

Detection of discontinuities

Principle
The experiment demonstrates the application and performance of various non-destructive test methods with the aid of ultrasound. A test object with different types of discontinuities is used to perform various detection methods. First, the test object is scanned in order to determine ...

Ultrasonic computed tomography

Principle

This experiment explains the fundamental principles of image formation with a CT algorithm. A test object is used to create an attenuation tomogram and a time-of-flight tomogram followed by a discussion of the respective differences.

Benefits

• Ideal system for education: ...

Surface of rotating liquids

Принцип

емкость с жидкостью вращается вокруг оси. Поверхность жидкости формирует параболоид вращения, параметры которого зависят от угловой ...

Determination of length and position of an object which can

This experiment provides training in determining the length and position of an object based on an X-ray image. A metal pin that is embedded in a wooden block is used as the model. This experiment is also an excellent preparatory exercise for demonstrating the principle of computed ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with three cubic Bravais lattices

Principle

Polycrystalline powder samples, which crystallize in the three cubic Bravais types, simple, face-centered and body-centered, are irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A swivelling Geiger-Mueller counter tube detects the radiation that is ...

Debye-Scherrer diffractions pattern of powder samples with a diamond structure (according to Bragg-Brentano)

Polycrystalline powder samples, which crystallize in the three cubic Bravais types, simple, face-centered and body-centered, are irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A swivelling Geiger-Mueller counter tube detects the radiation that is ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a

Principle

A polycrystalline powder sample of zinc is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice planes of the crystallites. ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a

A polycrystalline powder sample of lead dioxide is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice planes of the ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns with a cubic powder

A cubic crystalline powder sample is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice planes of the crystallites. The ...

Diffraction measurements to determine the intensity of Debye-Scherrer reflexes using a cubic powder sample

Principle

A polycrystalline, cubic face-centered crystallizing powder sample is irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction measurements for the examination of the texture of rolled sheets

Principle

A polycrystalline, cubic face-centered crystallizing copper powder sample and a thin copper sheet are separately irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is ...

X-ray energy spectroscopy - calibration of the X-ray energy

Principle

Various metal samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multi-channel analyser. The maxima of intensity of the corresponding characteristic X-ray lines are determined. The ...